Utilizando Comparadores

Jest utiliza "matchers" para permitirte probar valores de diferentes maneras. Este documento introducirá algunos matchers comúnmente usados. For the full list, see the expect API doc.

Marcadores más comunes

El camino más simple para comprobar un valor es con una igualdad.

test('two plus two is four', () => {
  expect(2 + 2).toBe(4);
});

In this code, expect(2 + 2) returns an "expectation" object. Típicamente no hará mucho con esos objetos de tipo expectations, excepto llamar a matchers en ellos. In this code, .toBe(4) is the matcher. Cuando Jest es ejecutado, este sigue la huella de los matchers así que puede imprimir un mensaje de error más agradable.

toBe uses Object.is to test exact equality. If you want to check the value of an object, use toEqual:

test('object assignment', () => {
  const data = {one: 1};
  data['two'] = 2;
  expect(data).toEqual({one: 1, two: 2});
});

toEqual recursively checks every field of an object or array.

tip

toEqual ignores object keys with undefined properties, undefined array items, array sparseness, or object type mismatch. To take these into account use toStrictEqual instead.

You can also test for the opposite of a matcher using not:

test('adding positive numbers is not zero', () => {
  for (let a = 1; a < 10; a++) {
    for (let b = 1; b < 10; b++) {
      expect(a + b).not.toBe(0);
    }
  }
});

Veracidad

In tests, you sometimes need to distinguish between undefined, null, and false, but you sometimes do not want to treat these differently. Jest contiene helpers que te permitirán ser explícito acerca de lo que deseas.

• toBeNull matches only null
• toBeUndefined matches only undefined
• toBeDefined is the opposite of toBeUndefined
• toBeTruthy matches anything that an if statement treats as true
• toBeFalsy matches anything that an if statement treats as false

Por ejemplo:

test('null', () => {
  const n = null;
  expect(n).toBeNull();
  expect(n).toBeDefined();
  expect(n).not.toBeUndefined();
  expect(n).not.toBeTruthy();
  expect(n).toBeFalsy();
});

test('zero', () => {
  const z = 0;
  expect(z).not.toBeNull();
  expect(z).toBeDefined();
  expect(z).not.toBeUndefined();
  expect(z).not.toBeTruthy();
  expect(z).toBeFalsy();
});

Deberías usar el matcher que corresponda de manera más precisa a lo que quiera que su código haga.

Números

Existen múltiples matchers equivalentes para la comprobación de números.

test('two plus two', () => {
  const value = 2 + 2;
  expect(value).toBeGreaterThan(3);
  expect(value).toBeGreaterThanOrEqual(3.5);
  expect(value).toBeLessThan(5);
  expect(value).toBeLessThanOrEqual(4.5);

  // toBe and toEqual are equivalent for numbers
  expect(value).toBe(4);
  expect(value).toEqual(4);
});

For floating point equality, use toBeCloseTo instead of toEqual, because you don't want a test to depend on a tiny rounding error.

test('adding floating point numbers', () => {
  const value = 0.1 + 0.2;
  //expect(value).toBe(0.3);           This won't work because of rounding error
  expect(value).toBeCloseTo(0.3); // This works.
});

Cadenas de Texto

You can check strings against regular expressions with toMatch:

test('there is no I in team', () => {
  expect('team').not.toMatch(/I/);
});

test('but there is a "stop" in Christoph', () => {
  expect('Christoph').toMatch(/stop/);
});

Vectores e iterables

You can check if an array or iterable contains a particular item using toContain:

const shoppingList = [
  'diapers',
  'kleenex',
  'trash bags',
  'paper towels',
  'milk',
];

test('the shopping list has milk on it', () => {
  expect(shoppingList).toContain('milk');
  expect(new Set(shoppingList)).toContain('milk');
});

Excepciones

If you want to test whether a particular function throws an error when it's called, use toThrow.

function compileAndroidCode() {
  throw new Error('you are using the wrong JDK!');
}

test('compiling android goes as expected', () => {
  expect(() => compileAndroidCode()).toThrow();
  expect(() => compileAndroidCode()).toThrow(Error);

  // You can also use a string that must be contained in the error message or a regexp
  expect(() => compileAndroidCode()).toThrow('you are using the wrong JDK');
  expect(() => compileAndroidCode()).toThrow(/JDK/);

  // Or you can match an exact error message using a regexp like below
  expect(() => compileAndroidCode()).toThrow(/^you are using the wrong JDK$/); // Test fails
  expect(() => compileAndroidCode()).toThrow(/^you are using the wrong JDK!$/); // Test pass
});

tip

The function that throws an exception needs to be invoked within a wrapping function otherwise the toThrow assertion will fail.

Hay más

Esto es sólo un ejemplo. For a complete list of matchers, check out the reference docs.

Once you've learned about the matchers that are available, a good next step is to check out how Jest lets you test asynchronous code.